Does Alderfer’s theory suggest needs are fixed and unchangeable?

Alderfer’s theory, known as the ERG theory, posits that human needs are categorized into three groups: existence, relatedness, and growth. One of the central tenets of this theory is that these needs are not fixed or rigidly hierarchical as suggested by Maslow's hierarchy of needs. Instead, Alderfer proposed that individuals can experience different needs simultaneously and may move back and forth between these needs depending on their circumstances and experiences.

For example, if an individual is pursuing growth needs but encounters frustration, they may regress to focusing on existence needs or relatedness needs in response to that frustration. This flexibility in the needs structure means that needs can change based on context rather than remaining static. Thus, the understanding is that needs evolve and can co-occur, allowing for a more dynamic view of human motivation compared to other theories that suggest a more linear progression through needs.

This insight into the nature of needs according to Alderfer’s theory is why the assertion that needs are fixed and unchangeable is incorrect; the theory promotes adaptability and fluidity in how individuals experience and prioritize their needs.