What bias involves attributing successes to internal factors and failures to external factors?

The concept described in the question refers to self-serving bias, which is a common psychological phenomenon where individuals attribute their successes to internal factors, such as their own abilities or effort, while attributing their failures to external factors, such as luck or circumstances beyond their control. This bias serves to maintain a positive self-image and protect self-esteem, as individuals prefer to view themselves in a favorable light.

By recognizing their successes as a result of personal competence, individuals enhance their confidence and motivation. In contrast, attributing failures to external factors allows them to avoid feelings of guilt or inadequacy. This bias can impact decision-making and interpersonal relationships, as it may distort one's understanding of their performance and accountability.

Understanding self-serving bias is important in organizations as it can influence team dynamics, performance evaluations, and feedback processes. Being aware of this bias can help leaders foster a culture of accountability and learning, encouraging individuals to take responsibility for both successes and failures.