What is the ability to compare new information with previously remembered information called?

The ability to compare new information with previously remembered information is best described by perceptual speed. This cognitive capacity allows individuals to quickly and accurately recognize patterns and make comparisons across different sets of data or stimuli based on their past experiences. It involves the processing speed of the brain in associating new inputs with already stored knowledge, allowing for quicker decision-making and learning.

Perceptual speed is crucial in various learning and work environments where rapid assessment and adaptation to new information are necessary. For instance, it plays a significant role in areas such as problem-solving, critical thinking, and decision-making.

In contrast, the other options pertain to different cognitive abilities or emotional skills. Speed and flexibility of closure refers to the ability to complete incomplete patterns or information, which does not directly relate to comparing new and old information. Spatial orientation involves understanding how objects relate to each other in physical space, a skill distinctly different from comparing types of information. Emotional regulation focuses on managing one's emotional responses rather than cognitive comparison tasks. Each of these alternatives addresses a different aspect of cognitive or emotional functioning, further clarifying why perceptual speed is the correct choice in this context.