Which of the following is true about variable ratio reinforcement?

Variable ratio reinforcement is characterized by the delivery of rewards after an unpredictable number of behaviors have been performed. This means that individuals cannot predict when the next reinforcement will occur, which creates a strong motivational drive for continued behavior. The unpredictability involved leads to higher rates of responses as the individual continues to engage in the behavior in hopes of receiving reinforcement.

The nature of variable ratio reinforcement is particularly effective because it maintains the subject's engagement over time, often resulting in a higher frequency of the desired behavior compared to other reinforcement schedules. This unpredictability aligns with concepts found in operant conditioning, particularly how variable schedules can lead to stronger learning and resilience against extinction.

Other types of reinforcement schedules, like fixed ratio or continuous reinforcement, have more predictable outcomes that can lead to a decrease in behavior once the individual recognizes the pattern. Variable ratio thus stands out as a powerful reinforcement strategy in managing and encouraging behaviors.