Which process is characterized by employees gaining social knowledge relevant to their jobs?

The process characterized by employees gaining social knowledge relevant to their jobs is socialization. This term refers to the way individuals learn and adapt to the norms, values, and expectations within an organization. During the socialization process, new employees often engage with their colleagues, learn about organizational culture, and understand their roles within the team, which helps them to navigate their work environment more effectively.

Socialization is crucial because it enhances job performance, increases job satisfaction, and fosters a sense of belonging among employees. It encompasses formal orientation programs as well as informal interactions and experiences that contribute to employees' understanding of their job requirements and workplace dynamics.

In contrast, selection involves the process of choosing the best candidate for a job, attraction pertains to the initial phase where potential employees are drawn to a company, and reality shock refers to the experience of new employees when they encounter the discrepancy between their expectations and the actual job experience. These concepts, while related to employee integration and experience, do not specifically pertain to the gaining of social knowledge necessary for performing in one's role.